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What鈥檚 your Erd枚s-Bacon-Sabbath number?

Len Fisher explores his links to a mathematician, a film star and a heavy metal band

Published on
February 17, 2016
Last updated
March 9, 2020
Paul Erd枚s, Kevin Bacon, Ozzy Osbourne

Erd枚s-Bacon-Sabbath (EBS) numbers are in the news. To have one at all makes you a bit of a polymath. This is because you must have creative links to the mathematician Paul Erd枚s, the actor Kevin Bacon and the heavy metal music group Black Sabbath.

The mathematicians started it all. Paul Erd枚s, whose life is vividly described in The Man Who Loved Only Numbers, was a Hungarian mathematician who had no home, no job and not even a bank account. He simply moved between the homes of his mathematical colleagues, deriving theorems and writing joint papers 鈥 more than 1,500 of them, with 511 different collaborators. Some bright spark decided that each of these collaborators must have an Erd枚s (E) number of 1. Anyone who had published a paper with one of the collaborators (but not Erd枚s himself) would have an Erd枚s number of 2. And so on.

This was a fun game among pure mathematicians, but then along came 鈥淪ix Degrees of Kevin Bacon鈥. This was a game invented by a group of college students, following a television interview in which Kevin Bacon commented that he had worked with everyone in Hollywood or with someone who鈥檇 worked with them. So the Bacon number came into being; if you are an actor who has performed with someone who has performed with someone who has performed with Kevin Bacon, for example, you would have a Bacon (B) number of 3.

Finally, along came the Black Sabbath (S) number, connecting musicians in the same way to the band Black Sabbath.

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But what would it mean to have all three numbers? The came up with idea of a combined Erd枚s-Bacon-Sabbath number, supposedly accessible only to such multitalented individuals as have acting, music and mathematical sciences in their portfolio. There have turned out to be a surprisingly large number of such individuals. I decided to find out whether I was one of them.

Stephen Hawking is near the top, with a total EBS number of 8. (Did you know that he has performed with Pink Floyd?) How close could I come to matching him and some of my other scientific heroes?

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As a scientist, I have worked with a number of mathematicians, even though I can鈥檛 rightly count myself among their number. (Once, when I incautiously revealed that I had a degree in pure mathematics, the mathematician with whom I was working at the time turned around in astonishment and said 鈥淵OU?!鈥) One of those with whom I worked was the Australian Barry Ninham, who has an Erd枚s number of 3. I haven鈥檛 published with Barry, but I have published with Jacob Israelachvili, who has published with him, so that gives me an Erd枚s number of 5.

Now for the hard bit, or so I thought. How on earth could I have a Bacon number? Well, I have appeared on the television quiz show Mind Games with Richard Hammond, who of course appeared with Jeremy Clarkson on Top Gear, while Clarkson appeared with Tom Hanks in Cars, and Hanks appeared with Bacon in Apollo 13. So that gives me a Bacon number of 4.

But wait! I have appeared on the BBC鈥檚 One Show, demonstrating the science of biscuit dunking, with Chris Evans, who has interviewed many actors who have acted with Kevin Bacon. Problem solved, and a Bacon number of 3.

The music bit seemed even more difficult, until I realised that I have actually sung (and the DVD of our performance in Bristol鈥檚 Colston Hall publicly released) with Stephen Taberner and the Spooky Men鈥檚 Chorale, from the Blue Mountains in Australia. I wrote to Stephen, begging for assistance. Did he have any connection with Black Sabbath? Indeed he did. He has sung with his good friend Tony Backhouse, who used to have a group called Mammal that performed with Black Sabbath in the 1970s. So, even though I am in no sense a muso (although maybe I am a better singer than Hawking), I have a Black Sabbath number of 3, and a total EBS number of 5+3+3=11.

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Which, according to TimeBlimp, puts me in the company of Albert Einstein, Buzz Aldrin and Brian Cox. Who says that scientists aren鈥檛 polymaths?

As an addendum, I would suggest that a fourth number be added 鈥 an 鈥淚鈥 number, signifying the number of links needed to establish a direct connection with an IgNobel prizewinner. There, at least, I would have a head start.

Len Fisher is visiting research fellow in the School of Physics, University of Bristol.

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Reader's comments (1)

What about the Gauss number? That requires a handshake with a person who shook the hand of a person who shook the hand...who shook the hand of Gauss. I think my Gauss number is 6 or 7. I may or may not have an Erd枚s number of 4.

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