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Presenting research to an audience and taking part in conferences is integral to academic life. You may be presenting to fellow academics, students or even the general public, but public speaking doesn’t have to be an overwhelming task. Here is my advice for preparing engaging speeches and delivering them with confidence.

Be prepared

You might be speaking on a panel made up of researchers from different disciplines, but it’s crucial you have a good grasp of the area you’re presenting. An academic at an early stage of their career should be particularly mindful of this and should consider all resources at their disposal: journal articles, books, rules and regulations, real-life cases, experiences and, of course, online. Devote as much time to this as possible and consider all aspects of the topic. This will help you prepare for questions that aren’t directly related to your speech. As a speaker, you must be prepared for all scenarios.

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Organise your thoughts

Once you’ve carried out the research, prepare a paper about the topic. You can structure it like a research article, with an introduction, findings and a conclusion, or you can write it more naturally as a speech. Start with “Welcome to our panel on [subject matter]. Today, I will be speaking about…” By writing it down, you can see how the presentation flows.

Prepare your talk in this way before putting the information into presentation slides. If you start with the slides, the presentation might not flow as effectively.

Engage your audience visually

When you’ve structured your presentation, the next step is to prepare the slides. Keep them simple and understandable. Use simple words, bullet points, perhaps add visual effects to engage the audience, and avoid complex sentences.

I like to use a light-coloured background with dark text and images. Charts and flowcharts can be added if suitable for the topic – they help to present complex information in a simple way.

Practise, practise, practise

When presenting, avoid reading from text – this can be off-putting for the audience. For this reason, practise your speech as much as possible using the prepared slides. Rehearsing the speech will not only mean you don’t have to rely on the text, it will also help you overcome nerves and stress.

At conferences, you will only have a limited time to present – sometimes as little as 10 minutes. If you’ve prepared too many slides and exceeded the time limit, practising your speech will help you to spot this. Reduce the number of slides if this happens, as you will need enough time to present everything smoothly without having to rush to finish.

Allow time for questions at the end. The audience will undoubtedly want to ask about what you’ve said and perhaps even about something you haven’t said. This is where your hours of preparation will kick in, allowing you to handle curveball questions with ease. 

Ayten Ordu is a lecturer and researcher in the Faculty of Law at Near East University.

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For more advice and insight related to this topic, see our spotlight guide From the lab to life: how to demonstrate research excellence.